Heritage sites as tourism attractions: Spiritual, psychological and emotional toll on communities

Descendants of the Mapungubwe Cultural Landscape (MCL) view it not as a tourist attraction but as a solemn place for ancestral rest, with deep spiritual and emotional significance. The study reveals that colonial land demarcation into protected areas has caused a profound sense of loss and disconnection from their cultural heritage among these communities. Conducted through qualitative methods—including in-depth interviews and group discussions with traditional leaders—the research highlights the psychological and emotional toll on descendants who feel alienated from their ancestral lands, advocating for their meaningful engagement to preserve spiritual ties.

Shabalala, L. P. (2024). Heritage sites as tourism attractions: Spiritual, psychological and emotional toll on communities. Koedoe, 66(2). https://doi.org/10.4102/koedoe.v66i2.1800