Evaluation of Fresh Properties and Rheological Behavior of lime-based Grouts with Cappadocia Waste Earth

A groundbreaking approach to preserving Cappadocia's UNESCO World Heritage Site demonstrates that incorporating Cappadocia waste earth (CWE) into lime-based grouts can effectively consolidate and strengthen the region's iconic rock-cut structures, fairy chimneys, and masonries. This method not only safeguards these valuable artifacts but also addresses a significant environmental issue by repurposing approximately 10 million cubic meters of excavated waste annually. The study found that varying CWE dosages (30%, 40%, and 50% by weight), alongside different ambient temperatures (5°C, 20°C, and 40°C) and constant shearing, critically influence the rheological performance of grouts, enabling precise injection requirements for optimal restoration. These insights provide a sustainable solution to both structural preservation and environmental pollution in this fragile ecosystem.

Bayram, M., Oktay, D., & Yuzer, N. (2022). Evaluation of Fresh Properties and Rheological Behavior of lime-based Grouts with Cappadocia Waste Earth. International Journal of Architectural Heritage, 17(12), 1984–2000. https://doi.org/10.1080/15583058.2022.2089071