A Study of Manufacturing Techniques based on Classification by Uses of Excavated Iron Objects from the Remains in Geumcheok-ri, Gyeongju

A study of iron objects from Geumcheok-ri, Gyeongju, reveals advanced metallurgical techniques used during the late 5th to early 6th centuries. The research found that iron was forged with varying carbon content and carburized post-forging to enhance strength, depending on the object's function. Selective steelmaking and heat treatment further improved mechanical properties. These techniques show consistency with those used in central Gyeongju and its outskirts, suggesting a unified approach to iron production during Silla's expansion. The study analyzed eight objects by their use, examining microstructure and non-metallic inclusions to classify manufacturing processes.

You, H. R., Cho, N. C., & Shin, Y. B. (2022). A Study of Manufacturing Techniques based on Classification by Uses of Excavated Iron Objects from the Remains in Geumcheok-ri, Gyeongju. Journal of Conservation Science, 38(3), 217–233. https://doi.org/10.12654/jcs.2022.38.3.04