The Cistercians and the Transformation of Monastic Friendships

A century of Cistercian monastic evolution, from the death of Bernard of Clairvaux to the 1260s dispute between Cîteaux and Clairvaux abbots, reveals a rigorous effort to uphold founding ideals. This study identifies two key sources—decisions from General Chapter meetings compiled in the Libri Definitionum and edifying literature like the Vita Prima of Bernard and later works by Herbert of Clairvaux, Caesarius of Heisterbach, and others—that illustrate the Order’s commitment to purity. Hagiographical writings and miracle accounts, particularly from Villers Abbey (Brabant) and Heisterbach (near Bonn), provide a comprehensive view of Cistercian development. The Exordium Magnum Cisterciense by Conrad of Eberbach synthesizes this period’s challenges, while other exordia, such as those for Øm Abbey (Denmark) or Fountains Abbey (Yorkshire), offer localized perspectives on early monastic experiences.

McGuire, B. P. (2024). The Cistercians and the Transformation of Monastic Friendships. Friendship and Faith: Cistercian Men, Women, and Their Stories, 1100-1250, III. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003555148-3