Human Ecosystem Approach to The Dynamics of Sustainable Development in Komodo National Park, Indonesia

Komodo National Park (KNP) faces potential long-term decline in its iconic Komodo dragon population due to spatial planning changes, increased tourism, reduced food availability, and poaching. A human ecosystem model (HEM) reveals critical threats to sustainability, including the erosion of kinship ties between dragons and indigenous Ota Moda clans, as well as economic risks from large-capital corporations displacing local businesses like boat rentals, homestays, and tour guiding. The HEM approach identifies key social and biophysical factors driving KNP's dynamics, offering insights for future management to balance conservation with community livelihoods.

Sianipar, I. M. J., Tehupeiory, A., Maya, A. J., Huy, H. L. A., Tuan, H. Q., & Suryawan, I. W. K. (2022). Human Ecosystem Approach to The Dynamics of Sustainable Development in Komodo National Park, Indonesia. Journal of Government and Civil Society, 6(2), 276–221. https://doi.org/10.31000/jgcs.v6i2.6733