Changing Stages of System Innovation at The Ombilin’s Coal Mines of Sawahlunto: From Ghost Town To World Heritage

A key insight from this study is that the transformation of Sawahlunto's Ombilin coal mines into a UNESCO World Heritage Site was driven by multi-dimensional system innovation, involving government sector reforms, economic development, and socio-political change. The research identifies two critical success factors: strong leadership and effective integration of heritage assets to balance diverse stakeholder interests. This study enriches the understanding of system innovation through historical reconstruction and offers a novel approach to social history by analyzing the path to World Heritage status. It highlights how leadership played a pivotal role in revitalizing heritage assets, contributing to sustainable tourism development.

Erman, E. (2020). Changing Stages of System Innovation at The Ombilin’s Coal Mines of Sawahlunto: From Ghost Town To World Heritage. STI Policy and Management Journal, 5(2). https://doi.org/10.14203/stipm.2020.284