Irrigation water quality of middle awash river basin, Ethiopia

A seven-year evaluation of irrigation water quality in the Middle Awash River Basin, Ethiopia, reveals that the river's water is consistently suitable for irrigation, with electrical conductivity (ECw) values below FAO guidelines and no significant salinity-related risks. The study found that ECw was higher during June and decreased during the rainy season, inversely correlating with river flow. Sodium levels showed a strong correlation with ECw and adjusted sodium adsorption ratio (Adj.RNa), but specific-ion toxicity hazards were non-existent. While the combined effects of ECw and sodicity on permeability remained within recommendable ranges, downstream areas in drought years require caution for salinity-sensitive crops. Sedimentation and siltation during rainy seasons pose growing concerns for canal maintenance and drainage projects.

Taddese, G. (2019). Irrigation water quality of middle awash river basin, Ethiopia. International Journal of Hydrology, 3(4), 308–312. https://doi.org/10.15406/ijh.2019.03.00192