Past and Future Sea Level Changes and Land Uplift in the Baltic Sea Seen by Geodetic Observations

In the UNESCO-listed High Coast/Kvarken Archipelago, land uplift reaches up to 10 mm per year, with the terrain rising approximately 80 cm over the past century. This dynamic process, driven by post-glacial rebound, is counterbalancing sea level rise, which future projections suggest could vary significantly—from a potential 75 cm of relative sea level fall (land emergence) to 30 cm of rise by 2100. The study leverages continuous GNSS time series, absolute gravity measurements, and tide gauge data to quantify current uplift rates and probabilistic scenarios for future changes, providing critical insights for understanding geodynamic processes in the Baltic Sea region.

Nordman, M., Peltola, A., Bilker-Koivula, M., & Lahtinen, S. (2020). Past and Future Sea Level Changes and Land Uplift in the Baltic Sea Seen by Geodetic Observations. Beyond 100: The next Century in Geodesy, 161–167. https://doi.org/10.1007/1345_2020_124