Climatological Characterization and Observed Trends in Climatic Extremes in the State of Rio de Janeiro

A significant increase in climatic extremes has been observed in the State of Rio de Janeiro, Brazil, between 1961 and 2012. Research indicates statistically significant rises in mean maximum temperatures, particularly in the Metropolitan Region and North/Northwest areas, with rates ranging from +0.01 to +0.08°C per year. Additionally, there is a notable increase in warm nights and days across almost the entire state, at a rate of +0.1 to +0.6% days per year. Rainfall trends show significant increases in annual totals in the Baixadas Litorâneas, with rates between +4.0 and +32.0 mm per year, as well as more frequent heavy rain events in this region and parts of the Metropolitan Region, ranging from +2.0 to +20 mm per year. The study analyzed observational data to characterize temperature and precipitation patterns, providing critical insights into climate change impacts on this UNESCO World Heritage Site.

SILVA, W. L., & DERECZYNSKI, C. P. (2014). Climatological Characterization and Observed Trends in Climatic Extremes in the State of Rio de Janeiro. Anuário Do Instituto de Geociências - UFRJ, 37(2), 123. https://doi.org/10.11137/2014_2_123_138