New Microfossil Approaches and Multi-Proxy Analysis Reveal Precontact Polynesian Translocations and Plant Use, Marquesas Islands

A groundbreaking analysis of microfossils from Nuku Hiva, Marquesas Islands, reveals direct evidence of precontact Polynesian plant translocations and agricultural practices, dating back to the 13th century AD. The study identifies four distinct Polynesian-transported plants—Colocasia esculenta (taro), a second possible Araceae species, Musa sp., and Cordyline fruticosa—along with three taxa that may include both translocated and native varieties: Cocos nucifera (coconut), Pandanus tectorius, and Morinda citrifolia. Advanced techniques such as scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and elemental analysis of raphides in degraded starch further confirm the presence of C. esculenta, providing robust evidence for early Polynesian crop cultivation and plant use. This multi-proxy approach underscores the significance of combined microfossil analysis in reconstructing prehistoric human-plant interactions.

Horrocks, M., Allen, M. S., & Fox, A. (2023). New Microfossil Approaches and Multi-Proxy Analysis Reveal Precontact Polynesian Translocations and Plant Use, Marquesas Islands. Environmental Archaeology, 30(3), 228–244. https://doi.org/10.1080/14614103.2023.2226477