Iconographic evidence of hybridisation between Camelus bactrianus and Camelus dromedarius at second-century AD Hatra, Iraq

A sculpted frieze from the Temple of Allat at Hatra, dating to the second century AD, provides iconographic evidence of hybrid camels between Camelus bactrianus and Camelus dromedarius. Previously interpreted as Bactrian camels, the lead animals in the frieze are now reconsidered based on historical practices of camel hybridization. The study leverages contemporary and ancient records to challenge traditional interpretations, offering new insights into the genetic and cultural significance of camels in ancient Mesopotamia.

Vidale, M., Berlioz, S., & Mohammed, R. (2022). Iconographic evidence of hybridisation between Camelus bactrianus and Camelus dromedarius at second-century AD Hatra, Iraq. Antiquity, 96(385), 201–207. https://doi.org/10.15184/aqy.2021.169