Ancient Palace Gardens of Korea: the water purification system of Wolji Pond, a world heritage site

Wolji Pond, part of the UNESCO-listed Gyeongju Historic Areas in Korea, showcases an advanced ancient water purification system that integrates four interconnected stages to ensure stable oxygen supply and efficient water circulation. The study reveals that its strategic design, featuring differently sized islands and a drainage system, demonstrates sophisticated knowledge of hydrodynamics and long-term maintenance considerations. A water quality survey and flow simulation further highlight the pond's uniquely effective approach to preventing stagnation and maintaining water quality. This ancient system offers valuable insights for modern landscape architecture, providing solutions to contemporary water quality challenges while reflecting both practical ingenuity and aesthetic sensibilities.

Kim, H.-S., & Sim, W.-K. (2021). Ancient Palace Gardens of Korea: the water purification system of Wolji Pond, a world heritage site. Landscape History, 42(1), 5–19. https://doi.org/10.1080/01433768.2021.1928883