A chromosome‐scale reference genome and genome‐wide genetic variations elucidate adaptation in yak

Researchers have developed a high-quality chromosome-scale reference genome for the yak, significantly improving upon previous assemblies. This new assembly, BosGru_PB_v1.0, leverages long-read sequencing and chromatin interaction technologies to enhance sequence continuity, reduce repetitive structure ambiguity, and improve gene model completeness compared to earlier versions like BosGru_v2.0. The study also generated de novo genome assemblies for seven domestic yak breeds and one wild yak from Hoh Xil, revealing higher genetic diversity in wild yaks despite historical bottlenecks. By comparing these genomes, the team identified breed-specific sequences and genes, which could aid in breed identification and provide insights into the genetic adaptations of this hardy livestock species to high-altitude environments.

Ji, Q.-m., Xin, J.-w., Chai, Z.-x., Zhang, C.-f., Dawa, Y., Luo, S., Zhang, Q., Pingcuo, Z., Peng, M.-S., Zhu, Y., Cao, H.-w., Wang, H., Han, J.-l., & Zhong, J.-c. (2020). A chromosome‐scale reference genome and genome‐wide genetic variations elucidate adaptation in yak. Molecular Ecology Resources, 21(1), 201–211. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/1755-0998.13236