Impacts of sea-level rise and wave inundation in the Tongariki Complex, Rapa Nui

A study projects that the iconic Ahu Tongariki, part of Rapa Nui National Park (a UNESCO World Heritage Site), could face seasonal wave inundation as early as 2080 under a high sea-level rise (SLR) scenario of 1.2 meters. Using XBeach in 2D non-hydrostatic mode, researchers simulated future wave environments and SLR impacts, finding that cultural assets at Tongariki are already vulnerable to wave run-up at current sea levels. Projections suggest the number of affected assets could triple by 2100, emphasizing the urgent need for adaptive measures across coastal heritage sites in Rapa Nui. The study highlights significant risks to tangible heritage from climate change and advocates for community-led mitigation strategies.

Paoa, N., Fletcher, C. H., Azouri, A., Barbee, M., Anderson, T. R., Guiles, M., Habel, S., Thompson, P., McDonald, K., Tognacchini, C., Wilkins Riroroko, G., & Luther, D. S. (2025). Impacts of sea-level rise and wave inundation in the Tongariki Complex, Rapa Nui. Journal of Cultural Heritage, 75, 84–92. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.culher.2025.07.004