Efficient space and resource planning strategies: treelike fractal traffic networks of the Ming Great Wall Military Defence System

The Ming Great Wall (1368–1644) is more than a linear barrier—it is part of a sophisticated, treelike fractal traffic network that integrates with the wall to form an efficient military defense system. This study reveals how the Ming Great Wall Military Defence System (M-GWMDS) optimizes space and resource allocation through its fractal structure, merging military and civil settlements into a double-fractal system. Using Geographic Information System (GIS) analysis and fractal theory, researchers uncovered that this network allows for highly effective defense strategies in border regions, adapting to the unique man-land relationship of the era.

Cao, Y., & Zhang, Y. (2018). Efficient space and resource planning strategies: treelike fractal traffic networks of the Ming Great Wall Military Defence System. Annals of GIS, 24(1), 47–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/19475683.2018.1424735