Policy instruments for sustainable tourism management in national parks: A comparative analysis of Colombia, Costa Rica, and Spain

Research identifies key gaps in sustainable tourism management within national parks, highlighting the need for improved coordination between environmental protection and tourism bodies. The study, comparing policy instruments across Colombia, Costa Rica, and Spain—focusing on six national parks including Teide National Park—reveals that while organizational structures exist, normative and programmatic instruments often lack integration of sustainability criteria such as carbon footprints and accessibility. A content analysis of official documents revealed 11 topics and 35 subtopics for potential enhancement in programmatic tools, suggesting targeted improvements could address these deficiencies.

Téllez, A., Duran, L., Chmielewska, M., & Santos-Lacueva, R. (2022). Policy instruments for sustainable tourism management in national parks: A comparative analysis of Colombia, Costa Rica, and Spain. Journal of Tourism Analysis: Revista de Análisis Turístico (JTA), 29(2). https://doi.org/10.53596/jta.v29i2.419