Comparison of Original and Modern Mortars at the Herculaneum Archaeological Site

Significant differences between original Roman mortars and those used in twentieth-century restoration campaigns at the Herculaneum archaeological site have been identified, which may contribute to degradation processes. Roman mortars were found to contain coarser aggregates with a lower ratio of binder compared to modern mortars. This study employed petrography, thermal analysis, and X-ray fluorescence investigations to evaluate mineralogical, elemental, and thermal properties. The findings aim to enhance the compatibility of restoration mortars, thereby improving conservation efforts at UNESCO World Heritage Sites.

Leone, G., De Vita, A., Consumi, M., Tamasi, G., Bonechi, C., Donati, A., Rossi, C., & Magnani, A. (2019). Comparison of Original and Modern Mortars at the Herculaneum Archaeological Site. Conservation and Management of Archaeological Sites, 21(2), 92–112. https://doi.org/10.1080/13505033.2019.1638139