Publications
Performance-based fire safety assessment of UNESCO heritage structures: CFD simulation of Gothic timber carpentry in Our-Lady Cathedral of Tournai, Belgium
A performance-based fire safety assessment of the Gothic timber carpentry in Notre-Dame Cathedral, Tournai, reveals that electrical fires can rapidly lead to flashover if unchecked. The study, using computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations, found that natural ventilation through windows mitigates heat buildup but is less effective than compartmenting electrical cabinets to limit fire and smoke propagation. This approach balances modern safety needs with the preservation of UNESCO heritage structures, offering actionable recommendations for similar sites while adhering to the Venice Charter's guidelines on interventions.
Chant grégorien et musique médiévale
Michel Huglo's collection 'Chant grégorien et musique médiévale' offers a comprehensive exploration of Gregorian chant and its evolution, focusing on monophonic and polyphonic additions to the medieval repertoire. The study delves into significant musical works, including the Kyrie, introit tropes from St-Gall, an elegy for William the Conqueror (d. 1087), versus by Venantius Fortunatus for the cathedral of Paris, liturgical dramas from Fleury, early organum, the Mass of Tournai, and a Requiem by Eustache Du Caurroy. This collection represents the second phase of Huglo's research, providing valuable insights into the development and significance of medieval music within the context of UNESCO World Heritage Sites like Notre-Dame Cathedral in Tournai.
Music, Liturgy, and Confraternity Devotions in Paris and Tournai, 1300–1550 by Sarah Ann Long
Sarah Ann Long's study reveals that confraternities in Paris and Tournai, during 1300–1550, played a pivotal role in the development of devotional music and liturgy, particularly in response to the plague. Her research demonstrates how these lay-led organizations, distinct from monastic or cathedral institutions, sponsored specialized liturgies for saints like Sebastian, Barbara, Catherine of Alexandria, and Nicholas—venerated for their protective powers against sickness and death. By analyzing fourteen liturgical books containing devotional music and texts, Long connects confraternities to the composition of plainchant and polyphony, highlighting the theological craftsmanship behind chant melodies and contrafacta. This groundbreaking work bridges the gap between popular piety and musical patronage in late medieval northern France.
Cathédrale de Tournai
A comprehensive approach to preserving and reimagining Tournai Cathedral was developed by UCLouvain-LOCI in collaboration with local authorities. The project, marking the cathedral's 850th anniversary and its 20th year on the UNESCO list, focused on enhancing and restoring the Gothic choir while stimulating public engagement through educational activities. By leveraging the cultural theme 'the imaginary as a response,' the initiative aimed to ensure the sanctuary's future through debate and creative reinterpretation, culminating in exhibitions at LOCI-Tournai and TAMAT.
L’autel de Lichtervelde et la genèse du manuscrit C de la collection épistolaire d’Étienne d’Orléans, évêque de Tournai (Paris, BnF, lat. 8630A)
A key discovery links the main scribe and compiler of manuscript C (Paris, BnF, lat. 8630A)—a critical medieval collection of Étienne d’Orléans’s letters—to his immediate entourage as bishop of Tournai (1192–1203). The manuscript, compiled in four phases between 1198 and early 1199, includes 302 letters or documents, a third from Étienne’s episcopate, alongside original cathedral archives. Analysis of the scribe’s hand reveals an act from Tournai’s chapter (April 2, 1198) concerning the altar of Lichtervelde, confirming its close association with the bishop. The scribe is likely either Marcel, Étienne’s chaplain and later abbot of Cysoing, or his brother Stephen, a canon of Tournai. This study reconstructs the manuscript’s genesis through paleographic and codicological methods, providing insight into medieval episcopal administration and textual transmission.
Music, Liturgy, and Confraternity Devotions in Paris and Tournai, 1300–1550 Sarah Ann Long.
A groundbreaking study reveals how confraternities, voluntary communities centered on shared spirituality and trade, significantly influenced late medieval music composition and liturgical practices in northern Europe. Unlike previous scholarship that focused solely on cathedrals or monasteries, this research highlights the role of confraternities as patrons and sponsors of new musical works for the Mass and Office, integrating lay piety into diocesan practices. By examining Paris and Tournai as key nodes in regional networks, the study demonstrates how political, commercial, and ecclesiastical connections facilitated the diffusion of devotions and their associated music. Paris, as a university hub, attracted international students and supported extensive book production, while Tournai served as an ecumenical crossroads under French and Burgundian rule, further shaping musical-liturgical creativity in this period.
En marge d’une édition récente : Exploiter la richesse de l’obituaire de la cathédrale de Tournai
A recently published obituary of the Cathedral of Tournai offers unprecedented insights into medieval life, spanning from 1044 to 1562. This unique source reveals the cathedral's daily operations, including liturgical practices, donations, and social dynamics, providing data unavailable in traditional records. It highlights the diverse contributors—bishops, laypeople, and underprivileged groups—and details aspects such as lighting arrangements, meal foundations, and manuscript donations. The obituary also sheds light on the evolving nature of medieval liturgy, challenging perceptions of its stagnation.
Cathédrale et pèlerinage aux époques médiévale et moderne: Reliques, processions et devotions à l’église-mère du diocese (review)
A review of the volume 'Cathédrale et pèlerinage aux époques médiévale et moderne' challenges the traditional distinction between cathedral worship and pilgrimage, demonstrating that cathedrals, particularly as seats of bishopric power, actively attracted pilgrims through sacred relics, processions, and devotions. The 17 essays, spanning medieval to modern periods, analyze sites like Tournai, Paris, and Le Puy-en-Velay, revealing that cathedrals maintained their role as pilgrimage destinations even post-Medieval, with reinvigoration driven by new relics (e.g., the shroud in Besançon) and liturgical reforms. The study highlights blurred lines between processions and pilgrimages, exemplified by Tournai's pilgrimage traditions and Paris's 1449 deambulation, where 12,500 children participated in a mass procession. This synthesis underscores the enduring socio-religious significance of cathedrals beyond institutional boundaries.
Raw materials used in ancient mortars from the Cathedral of Notre-Dame in Tournai (Belgium)
A study of ancient mortars from the Notre-Dame Cathedral in Tournai, Belgium, reveals that both chalk and 'hard' Tournaisian limestone were used to produce lime during the Imperial Roman, Carolingian, and Romanesque periods (4th–11th century AD). The research, employing mineralogical, chemical, and microscopical techniques, identified these materials as locally sourced and capable of yielding either hydraulic or non-hydraulic lime. Additionally, the low abundance of overburnt particles in Gallo-Roman and Palaeo-Christian mortars suggests that technological knowledge regarding lime burning was present during these periods.
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