Evaluation of hydrochemistry of the Dokri groundwater, including historical site Mohenjo-Daro, Sindh, Pakistan

A study evaluating the hydrochemistry of groundwater in the Dokri region, including the UNESCO World Heritage Site Mohenjo-Daro, reveals that while 65% of samples are suitable for drinking and 92.5% for irrigation, water quality at Mohenjo-Daro is notably poor. The research analyzed 40 georeferenced groundwater samples using physicochemical parameters, GIS mapping, and statistical techniques like PCA, cluster analysis, and correlation analysis. Findings indicate that 70% of samples fall within specific hydrochemical facies, suggesting dissolution of gypsum-containing minerals, while the Gibbs diagram shows rock dominance in 62.5-65% of samples. The water quality index (WQI) further supports these results, with most areas meeting 'Good to Excellent' standards except at Mohenjo-Daro. This study provides critical insights for managing groundwater quality in historical and agricultural contexts.

Lanjwani, M. F., Khuhawar, M. Y., Jahangir Khuhawar, T. M., Lanjwani, A. H., & Soomro, W. A. (2021). Evaluation of hydrochemistry of the Dokri groundwater, including historical site Mohenjo-Daro, Sindh, Pakistan. International Journal of Environmental Analytical Chemistry, 103(8), 1892–1916. https://doi.org/10.1080/03067319.2021.1884241