Collaboration or competition: The impact of incentive types on urban cycling

A study comparing collaboration-based and competition-based rewards found that collaboration significantly enhances cyclists' enjoyment and engagement, without affecting their intentions to cycle more. Conducted across three European cities—Münster (Germany), Castelló (Spain), and Valletta (Malta)—the research involved 57 participants. While both incentive types were explored, collaboration emerged as a more effective strategy for promoting urban cycling through game-based applications. The findings underscore the potential of collaborative rewards in motivating cyclists, offering valuable insights for city planners and developers aiming to boost sustainable transportation.

Pajarito Grajales, D. F., Degbelo, A., & Gould, M. (2019). Collaboration or competition: The impact of incentive types on urban cycling. International Journal of Sustainable Transportation, 14(10), 761–776. https://doi.org/10.1080/15568318.2019.1627619