Influence of microclimate on the directional dependence of sandstone pillar weathering in Angkor Wat temple, Cambodia

Weathering of sandstone pillars at Angkor Wat is deeply influenced by microclimate conditions. Research reveals that hollows—depression-like notches—form more profoundly on the outer surfaces of inner pillars and are shallower on the northern side of the first gallery. This variation correlates with water content, moisture fluctuations, and temperature/humidity records over five years, exacerbated by direct insolation and rainfall. The study highlights how environmental factors interact with sandstone hardness to accelerate weathering, offering critical insights for the preservation of this culturally significant structure.

Waragai, T., & Hiki, Y. (2019). Influence of microclimate on the directional dependence of sandstone pillar weathering in Angkor Wat temple, Cambodia. Progress in Earth and Planetary Science, 6(1). https://doi.org/10.1186/s40645-019-0254-5