Diverse values and benefits of urban sacred natural sites

Urban sacred natural sites, which are found globally and provide both spiritual and ecological benefits, face increasing pressure from urbanization. Despite their diversity across cultures—spanning locations like Swayambhu (Nepal), Meiji Jingu (Japan), Ambohimanga (Madagascar), and Krakus Mound (Poland)—these sites share common features such as sacred tree species and symbolic boundary markers. Some, including Ambohimanga, have been designated UNESCO World Heritage Sites, which has boosted tourism but also highlighted the need for conservation strategies that account for their multifaceted roles, serving local ceremonies, residents, and visitors alike. The study emphasizes the importance of recognizing the varied management systems and stakeholders associated with these sites to ensure their long-term preservation.

Ormsby, A. A. (2021). Diverse values and benefits of urban sacred natural sites. Trees, Forests and People, 6, 100136. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tfp.2021.100136