Reflections on the Metamorphosis at Robben Island

Robben Island, once synonymous with oppressive apartheid-era imprisonment, underwent a profound metamorphosis that contributed significantly to the dismantling of apartheid and South Africa's transition to democracy. This transformation was driven by the resilience, hope, efficacy, and optimism exhibited by political prisoners like Nelson Mandela, who disrupted the traditional prison paradigm from within. The study employs institutional work theory at a macro level and positive psychological capital concepts—hope, efficacy, resiliency, and optimism—at a micro level to analyze this process. Drawing on firsthand accounts from former prisoners and guards, the research reveals how these factors collectively fostered an environment of learning and change that ultimately led to freedom and societal transformation. The findings underscore Robben Island's role in one of modern history's most significant societal shifts, offering valuable insights for organizational scholars and practitioners.

Cascio, W. F., & Luthans, F. (2013). Reflections on the Metamorphosis at Robben Island. Journal of Management Inquiry, 23(1), 51–67. https://doi.org/10.1177/1056492612474348