Outdoor testing of photovoltaic modules during summer in Taxila, Pakistan

A comparative analysis of photovoltaic (PV) module performance in Taxila, Pakistan, during summer revealed that monocrystalline silicon (c-Si) modules exhibited the highest average efficiency, while amorphous silicon (a-Si) modules outperformed others in terms of performance ratio. The study found a significant decrease in both efficiency and performance ratio with rising module temperatures, which were approximately 20°C higher in summer compared to winter months. This decline correlated with ambient temperature fluctuations ranging from 18.1°C to 38.6°C. The research utilized outdoor monitoring to assess actual operating conditions of c-Si, polycrystalline silicon (p-Si), and a-Si modules, offering critical insights into PV performance under Taxila's climate.

Ali, H., Mahmood, M., Bashir, M., Ali, M., & Siddiqui, A. (2016). Outdoor testing of photovoltaic modules during summer in Taxila, Pakistan. Thermal Science, 20(1), 165–173. https://doi.org/10.2298/tsci131216025a