Craftsmanship and Manufacturing Techniques of Bone Bow‐End Plates From Pit 1 of the Qin Terracotta Army

A groundbreaking analysis of bone bow-end plates from Pit 1 of the Qin Terracotta Army reveals intricate craftsmanship and standardized manufacturing techniques used during the Qin Dynasty. Paleoproteomic analysis confirmed that these plates were specifically crafted from cervid long bones, while microwear and microscopic analyses uncovered distinct marks left by files, denticulates, chisels, abrasion, and drilling tools, indicating a sophisticated shaping and finishing process. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) further identified a multilayered surface coating consistent with modern lacquer films, suggesting the application of protective or decorative layers. These findings provide unprecedented insights into the technological organization and craftsmanship involved in Qin archery equipment production.

Liu, R., Ge, R., Shen, M., & Yang, L. (2026). Craftsmanship and Manufacturing Techniques of Bone Bow‐End Plates From Pit 1 of the Qin Terracotta Army. Archaeometry. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1111/arcm.70192