Ançã Limestone, an IUGS Heritage Stone in the UNESCO World Heritage Site “University of Coimbra – Alta and Sofia” of Portugal

Ançã Limestone, a fine-grained Jurassic limestone from Central Portugal, has been recognized as an IUGS Heritage Stone for its significant role in shaping the architectural and sculptural identity of Coimbra. This study highlights its geological characteristics, historical extraction, and influence on major artistic traditions spanning Gothic to Baroque periods, contributing to the UNESCO World Heritage Site 'University of Coimbra – Alta and Sofia.' The research documents the stone's physical properties, which enabled intricate sculptural details by renowned masters like Mestre Pêro and Jean de Rouen. It also addresses the stone's vulnerability to decay, summarizing weathering behavior and conservation challenges. By integrating geological, historical, and conservation perspectives, this study underscores Ançã Limestone's importance as a key component of Portugal’s geoheritage and its role in preserving the Outstanding Universal Value of the site.

Freire-Lista, D. M., Figueiredo, F., & Henriques, M. H. (2026). Ançã Limestone, an IUGS Heritage Stone in the UNESCO World Heritage Site “University of Coimbra – Alta and Sofia” of Portugal. Geoheritage, 18(1). https://doi.org/10.1007/s12371-026-01276-9