Are fungi a real threat for the conservation of Altamira Cave?

Research on Altamira Cave, a UNESCO World Heritage Site renowned for its Paleolithic cave art, reveals that it harbors opportunistic microorganisms posing potential health risks to visitors. The study identified bacteria such as Staphylococcus epidermidis and Ochrobactrum anthropi, linked to human presence, alongside other pathogens whose effects in humans remain unknown. These microorganisms primarily affect the respiratory system and skin, underscoring the need for protective measures if the cave were to reopen to tourism. To address this gap, the research analyzed microbial presence, emphasizing the importance of informing vulnerable populations—such as those with weakened immune systems—and advocating for precautions like masks, gloves, and protective clothing during visits.

Novakova, A., Jurado, V., & Saiz-Jimenez, C. (2014). Are fungi a real threat for the conservation of Altamira Cave? The Conservation of Subterranean Cultural Heritage, 223–228. https://doi.org/10.1201/b17570-27