Quantity and spatial distribution of earth-air activity in Cave 108 of the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes

Researchers have uncovered a critical mechanism driving the deterioration of wall paintings at the UNESCO-listed Mogao Caves, revealing that atmospheric pressure fluctuations are the primary driver of earth-air activity. Using air flowmeters to monitor 136 points on Cave 108's walls, the study found a daily earth-air outflow of 50.893 m³, with spatial variations showing higher activity near the ground and west wall. Earth-air flux was inversely proportional to wall height but directly proportional to cave depth, suggesting that sealing the floor could exacerbate deterioration. These findings establish a scientific basis for targeted conservation strategies to protect the caves' fragile murals.

Li, F., Li, H., & Wang, S. (2024). Quantity and spatial distribution of earth-air activity in Cave 108 of the Dunhuang Mogao Grottoes. Heliyon, 10(4), e25815. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e25815