Engineering geology and geotechnical characterization of Tabriz Metro Line 2, Iran

A detailed engineering geological and geotechnical characterization of Tabriz Historic Bazaar Complex's Metro Line 2 (TML2) reveals significant variations in soil density, groundwater sulfate levels, and seismic activity along its route. The study found that soils transition from dense to very dense, with the central Bazaar area exhibiting particularly high density. Groundwater sulfate concentrations range from mild to extremely high, increasing from west to east—with eastern sections showing aggressive sulfate levels (200–26,500 ppm), posing risks for concrete tunnel linings. The route is also traversed by seismically active faults, including the North Tabriz Fault, highlighting potential geotechnical challenges. This characterization was derived from borehole drilling and comprehensive field/laboratory tests, providing critical insights for infrastructure resilience in this UNESCO-listed site.

Alizadeh, A., Buzari, S., Sattarzadeh, Y., & Pourkermani, M. (2021). Engineering geology and geotechnical characterization of Tabriz Metro Line 2, Iran. SN Applied Sciences, 3(5). https://doi.org/10.1007/s42452-021-04535-2