Diversity, distribution and conservation of crocodiles (Order: Crocodylia) in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa

A potential rediscovery of the Nile crocodile (Crocodylus niloticus) in Guinea-Bissau challenges long-held beliefs about its extinction in West Africa. This study, using visual surveys, camera trapping, and molecular barcoding, confirms the presence of this species in the Cacheu region while also documenting the distribution of two other crocodile species: the West African crocodile (Crocodylus suchus) across major river basins and coastal lagoons, including the Bijagós Archipelago, and the West African dwarf crocodile (Osteolaemus cf. tetraspis) in southern mainland and archipelagic areas. Habitat loss and deliberate killings pose significant threats to these populations. The research underscores the need for standardized surveys and genetic sampling to assess population dynamics, connectivity, and genetic diversity, which are critical for evolutionary studies and conservation planning. Community-managed reserves and restoration initiatives, alongside local engagement to mitigate human-crocodile conflicts, are recommended as priority conservation strategies.

Pizzigalli, C., Regalla, A., Palmeirim, A. F., Palma, L., Lopes-Lima, M., Razgour, O., Godinho, R., Intipe, W. A., & Brito, J. C. (2025). Diversity, distribution and conservation of crocodiles (Order: Crocodylia) in Guinea-Bissau, West Africa. Scientific Reports, 15(1). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-025-08789-3