Reflections on the reconstruction of the Constantine Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem

A critical reassessment of the Constantine Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem challenges long-held assumptions about its architectural design. Contrary to previous reconstructions, which proposed a towering octagonal structure over the Grotto of the Nativity, this study suggests that such a feature was likely absent from the original 4th-century basilica. Instead, evidence supports a sanctuary with a three-sided apse and choir screens, providing a more plausible reconstruction aligned with early Christian architectural norms. The analysis, based on re-evaluating excavation documentation from the 1927–30s, reveals inconsistencies in earlier interpretations, including the proposed octagonal tower. This revision offers a refined understanding of the church's design, integrating its basilica and central-plan elements without the need for an isolated octagonal structure.

Weber, W. (2014). Reflections on the reconstruction of the Constantine Church of the Nativity in Bethlehem. Antiquité Tardive, 22, 105–110. https://doi.org/10.1484/j.at.5.103180