Chromosome-level genome assembly for the Aldabra giant tortoise enables insights into the genetic health of a threatened population

Researchers have generated the first chromosome-level genome assembly for the Aldabra giant tortoise (Aldabrachelys gigantea), providing critical insights into the genetic health of a vulnerable species. This high-quality assembly, spanning 2.37 billion base pairs and resolving into 26 chromosomes, enables comprehensive genomic studies. By analyzing low-coverage whole-genome resequencing data from 30 wild individuals and two zoo-housed tortoises, the study revealed genetic population structure in the wild and traced the geographic origins of ex situ individuals. The findings highlight the utility of advanced genomic tools for conservation efforts, including genetic diversity management and rewilding initiatives. Additionally, the assembly identifies putatively deleterious mutations that warrant monitoring to ensure the long-term survival of this endangered species.

Çilingir, F. G., A’Bear, L., Hansen, D., Davis, L. R., Bunbury, N., Ozgul, A., Croll, D., & Grossen, C. (2022). Chromosome-level genome assembly for the Aldabra giant tortoise enables insights into the genetic health of a threatened population. GigaScience, 11. https://doi.org/10.1093/gigascience/giac090