Urban 3D spatial thermal environment simulation and comparative analysis of Chinese ancient/modern typical garden based on CFD

Classical gardens significantly enhance urban cooling effects compared to modern ones, with water areas and green planting proving more impactful than garden shape. A study analyzing Suzhou Humble Administrator's Garden, Beijing Summer Palace, Suzhou Jingsi Garden, and Beijing Taoranting Park using high-resolution remote sensing and computational fluid dynamics (CFD) found that the Summer Palace achieves a maximum cooling value 2°C higher than Taoranting Park, with its downwind cooling distance extending up to 1 km—800 meters farther. Meanwhile, Jingsi Garden shows minimal cooling (0.2°C) and a much shorter downwind range of just 200 meters. These findings highlight the superior thermal mitigation potential of classical gardens, offering insights for improving urban ecological environments through strategic garden design.

Huo, H., Tao, J., Zhang, W., Guo, L., Leng, P., & Li, Z.-L. (2023). Urban 3D spatial thermal environment simulation and comparative analysis of Chinese ancient/modern typical garden based on CFD. International Journal of Remote Sensing, 45(19-20), 7578–7604. https://doi.org/10.1080/01431161.2023.2227321