Visualization techniques for an airborne laser scanning‐derived digital terrain model in forested steep terrain: Detecting archaeological remains in the subsurface

Researchers have uncovered 79 previously unknown subsurface archaeological structures, part of the ancient Roman Empire's defensive system (limes), using advanced visualization techniques on airborne laser scanning data. These structures, confirmed through ground inspection, were detected in a steep, forested area within Porolissum, Romania. The most effective methods—principal component analysis, simple local-relief model, sky-view factor, and positive openness—achieved over 75% detection accuracy for feature extent. The findings suggest that this region was strategically deforested during the Roman period. This study demonstrates the potential of cutting-edge remote sensing technology to identify buried ancient structures, a crucial step in compiling data for potential UNESCO World Heritage Site nomination.

Roman, A., Ursu, T.-M., Lăzărescu, V.-A., Opreanu, C. H., & Fărcaş, S. (2017). Visualization techniques for an airborne laser scanning‐derived digital terrain model in forested steep terrain: Detecting archaeological remains in the subsurface. Geoarchaeology, 32(5), 549–562. Portico. https://doi.org/10.1002/gea.21621