The Discoloration of the Taj Mahal due to Particulate Carbon and Dust Deposition

Research reveals that the discoloration of the Taj Mahal's white marble domes is primarily caused by the deposition of light-absorbing particulate matter, including black carbon (BC), brown carbon (BrC), and dust. These particles, originating from fossil fuel and biomass combustion, significantly reduce surface reflectance and alter the perceived color of the marble. A novel approach was developed to estimate the impact of these deposits on visible light reflectance, confirming their role in the aesthetic degradation of this UNESCO World Heritage Site. The study underscores the broader implications of high aerosol loading on cultural heritage and urban surfaces.

Bergin, M. H., Tripathi, S. N., Jai Devi, J., Gupta, T., Mckenzie, M., Rana, K. S., Shafer, M. M., Villalobos, A. M., & Schauer, J. J. (2014). The Discoloration of the Taj Mahal due to Particulate Carbon and Dust Deposition. Environmental Science & Technology, 49(2), 808–812. https://doi.org/10.1021/es504005q